SARCOPÉNIA NO CANCRO GÁSTRICO E MODIFICAÇÕES DA COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL PÓS-GASTRECTOMIA

Resumo




A Sarcopénia é o fenómeno da perda de força, performance e massa muscular. Pode ser primário (relacionado com a idade) ou secundário (por exemplo a neoplasia) e tem sido definida na literatura como massa muscular baixa. A Sarcopénia nos doentes com cancro gástrico acarreta um aumento do risco de complicações pós-operatórias e da mortalidade específica e global. O nosso estudo incluiu 86 doentes submetidos a gastrectomia por cancro gástrico, cuja massa muscular foi avaliada por TC (Índice L3). Realizou-se uma subanálise de 39 doentes que tinham realizado TC também aos 12 meses pós-operatórios. Foram analisados  dados demográficos, clínicos e de composição corporal. A Sarcopénia foi definida pelo Índice de Massa Muscular em L3, de acordo com valores previamente definidos na literartura. Verificámos uma prevalência de Sarcopénia de 40.7% em doentes submetidos a gastrectomia. A Sarcopénia relacionou-se com uma mortalidade global mais elevada. O Risco Nutricional e a percentagem de peso perdido não identificaram os doentes sarcopénicos. 51.4% dos doentes sarcopénicos tinham excesso de peso, 2.9% eram obesos. Aos 12 meses após gastrectomia, 82.1% dos doentes tinham diminuído de peso e IMC e 79.6% dos doentes tinham perdido massa muscular. Não encontrámos uma associação significativa entre a modificação na massa muscular e no peso ou IMC. Verificámos que a gastrectomia total se associava a uma perda de massa muscular significativamente superior à da gastrectomia subtotal. Verificámos que estadio avançado da neoplasia gástrica se associava a uma maior perda de massa muscular. Concluímos que a prevalência de Sarcopénia em doentes com cancro gástrico é elevada e que, após gastrectomia, a maior parte desses doentes perde peso e massa muscular. Dado que a maioria dos doentes não irão aumentar a sua massa muscular no pós-operatório, é crucial implementar estratégias de pré-habilitação precocemente.




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Publicado
2022-02-02
Como Citar
FERREIRA, Margarida et al. SARCOPÉNIA NO CANCRO GÁSTRICO E MODIFICAÇÕES DA COMPOSIÇÃO CORPORAL PÓS-GASTRECTOMIA. Revista Portuguesa de Cirurgia, [S.l.], n. 51, p. 23-34, feb. 2022. ISSN 2183-1165. Disponível em: <https://revista.spcir.com/index.php/spcir/article/view/883>. Acesso em: 25 mar. 2023. doi: https://doi.org/10.34635/rpc.883.
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Artigos Originais