Identificação Dos Aspetos Cruciais Do Programa De Prevenção E Deteção Precoce Do Cancro Do Esófago Em Moçambique
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.34635/rpc.1052Palavras-chave:
cancro do esófago, fatores de risco, prevenção, deteção precoce, MoçambiqueResumo
O carcinoma espinocelular do esófago (ESCC) representa um significativo problema de saúde em Moçambique, com elevadas taxas de incidência e diagnósticos em estádios avançados que contribuem para a sua letalidade. Esta revisão abrangente examina a epidemiologia, fatores de risco e estratégias preventivas potenciais para o EC em Moçambique. Os principais fatores de risco identificados incluem o consumo de tabaco, consumo de álcool, fatores dietéticos, consumo de bebidas quentes, infeções (como HPV e HIV), exposições químicas ambientais e fluorose dentária. As variações geográficas na incidência de EC destacam a necessidade de intervenções específicas para cada região. A pobreza, disparidades de género e idade complicam ainda mais os esforços de prevenção. Implementar intervenções baseadas em evidências, como medidas de controlo do tabagismo, diversificação dietética e programas de deteção precoce, é essencial para reduzir a morbilidade e mortalidade do EC em Moçambique. O Plano Nacional de Controle do Cancro (NCCP) de Moçambique fornece a estrutura para iniciativas integradas de prevenção e deteção precoce. Esforços colaborativos envolvendo legisladores, prestadores de cuidados de saúde e comunidades são cruciais para enfrentar os desafios multifacetados colocados pelo EC em Moçambique e melhorar os resultados do tratamento do cancro.
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